Goitre (also spelled “goiter”) is a medical condition characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck, and it produces hormones that regulate the body’s metabolism. When the thyroid gland becomes enlarged, it can cause a visible bulge in the neck, and it may also interfere with the gland’s hormone production.

There are several possible causes of goitre. One common cause is an iodine deficiency, which can lead to an enlargement of the thyroid gland as it tries to compensate for the lack of iodine. Other possible causes include thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland), autoimmune disorders that affect the thyroid gland, and tumors or cysts that develop in the gland.

Treatment for goitre depends on the underlying cause. If the goitre is caused by an iodine deficiency, treatment may involve increasing iodine intake through diet or supplements. If the goitre is caused by an autoimmune disorder or other medical condition, treatment may involve medication or surgery to remove the affected tissue. In some cases, the goitre may resolve on its own without treatment.